Execution of Foreign Decree in India
1. Introduction 📜⚖️🌍 With the growth of international trade, many disputes are decided by courts outside India. When a party […]
CODE OF CIVIL PROCEDURE 1908
The Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (CPC) forms the procedural foundation of civil litigation in India. For LLB students, a clear understanding of the CPC is essential for semester examinations as well as for developing practical legal reasoning. This CPC category page is designed as an exam-oriented academic resource that explains civil procedure in a simplified and structured manner.
The CPC does not determine substantive rights; instead, it prescribes the procedure through which civil rights are enforced by courts. Important procedural areas such as institution of suits, jurisdiction, pleadings, appearance of parties, interim reliefs, execution of decrees, and appeals are governed by the Code. Due to its technical language and wide scope across sections and orders, students often find CPC challenging. These notes aim to simplify that complexity by presenting concepts logically and clearly.
The notes published under this category are prepared specifically for LLB semester exams and academic understanding. Each topic explains the relevant sections, orders, and procedural principles, supported by illustrations wherever required. Frequently examined doctrines such as res judicata, res sub judice, rejection of plaint, temporary injunctions, and execution proceedings are covered in a manner that helps students write structured and precise answers.
Where necessary, leading case laws are referred to show how courts interpret and apply procedural provisions in practice. The CPC is also closely connected with other civil law statutes such as the Limitation Act, 1963 and the Specific Relief Act, 1963, and internal links are provided to encourage a comprehensive understanding of civil procedural law.
Students are advised to use these CPC notes along with the bare act for effective preparation and conceptual clarity.
Difference Between Review and Revision
1. Introduction 📚⚖️🕰️ The Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (CPC) is a fundamental law governing the procedures of civil courts
A Brief Note On Summary Suit under CPC
Summary suits are a key tool in the Indian legal system to help resolve straightforward financial disputes efficiently. They play
⚖️Doctrine of Restitution under CPC (Section 144) – Simplified for Students 🎓📘⚖️
doctrine of restitution doctrine of restitution 📘 Introduction ✨📚🧠 Restitution means giving back something to someone who lost it unfairly.
Appeal from Original Decree under the Civil Procedure Code, 1908 📜⚖️📝
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📘 Judgment on Admission under Order XII Rule 6 of the Civil Procedure Code, 1908
🧩 Introduction Order XII Rule 6 of the Civil Procedure Code (CPC), 1908 allows a court to make a decision
Representative Suit under CPC (the Civil Procedure Code, 1908)
📖 Introduction 📚⚖️🧑⚖️A representative suit is a legal method under the Civil Procedure Code, 1908 (CPC), that allows one or
Review Under CPC (Code Of Civil Procedure, 1908)
Introduction ✨📘⚖️ Usually, once a court delivers its judgment, it cannot alter or revisit the decision. However, the Civil Procedure
📘 Appeal to the Supreme Court: A Student-Friendly Guide 🎓📚⚖️
✎ What Is an Appeal? 🤔📜🔍 An appeal is when a person who is unhappy with a court’s decision asks
Special Procedure in Suits by or Against Minors under the Code of Civil Procedure (CPC) 🎓⚖️📘
Introduction 🌟📚👨⚖️ In civil litigation, minors and persons of unsound mind are considered legally incapable of protecting their interests due
Award of Interest in CPC (Code of Civil Procedure, 1908)
Introduction ✨📜⚖️ In civil court cases, when someone is owed money, they may also be entitled to receive interest on
Abatement of Suit Order 22 CPC: Whether Death of a Party Terminates the Proceedings under the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908
Introduction The procedural law in civil jurisprudence extends beyond the enforcement of substantive rights; it encompasses mechanisms to ensure the
The Legal Doctrine of Abatement in Civil Proceedings: Abatement of Suit Order 22
🗭 Introduction The death of a litigating party during the pendency of civil proceedings presents a complex procedural issue within
Bar on Jurisdiction of Civil Courts
Introduction ⚖️⚖️📜 Jurisdiction, in its legal essence, denotes the authoritative capacity of a court to adjudicate disputes. The Code of
Stay of Suit under the Code of Civil Procedure (CPC)
Introduction 📜⚖️🛑 Section 10 of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (CPC), embodies the doctrine of res sub judice, which
Interlocutory Applications in Court Proceedings
Introduction ⚖️📜🔍 Court proceedings are inherently complex and often prolonged, necessitating meticulous adherence to procedural norms. A crucial aspect of
Differences Between Attachment Before Judgment and Attachment in Execution
Attachment plays a crucial role in civil litigation under the Code of Civil Procedure (CPC), 1908. It can occur before
A Note on ‘Attachment in CPC’
1. Introduction Attachment under the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (CPC), is a legal mechanism to secure a judgment debtor’s