Judicial Grounds for the Appointment of Commissioner Under CPC
The Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (CPC), under Order XXVI, empowers courts to appoint commissions as a procedural mechanism to […]
CODE OF CIVIL PROCEDURE 1908
The Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (CPC) forms the procedural foundation of civil litigation in India. For LLB students, a clear understanding of the CPC is essential for semester examinations as well as for developing practical legal reasoning. This CPC category page is designed as an exam-oriented academic resource that explains civil procedure in a simplified and structured manner.
The CPC does not determine substantive rights; instead, it prescribes the procedure through which civil rights are enforced by courts. Important procedural areas such as institution of suits, jurisdiction, pleadings, appearance of parties, interim reliefs, execution of decrees, and appeals are governed by the Code. Due to its technical language and wide scope across sections and orders, students often find CPC challenging. These notes aim to simplify that complexity by presenting concepts logically and clearly.
The notes published under this category are prepared specifically for LLB semester exams and academic understanding. Each topic explains the relevant sections, orders, and procedural principles, supported by illustrations wherever required. Frequently examined doctrines such as res judicata, res sub judice, rejection of plaint, temporary injunctions, and execution proceedings are covered in a manner that helps students write structured and precise answers.
Where necessary, leading case laws are referred to show how courts interpret and apply procedural provisions in practice. The CPC is also closely connected with other civil law statutes such as the Limitation Act, 1963 and the Specific Relief Act, 1963, and internal links are provided to encourage a comprehensive understanding of civil procedural law.
Students are advised to use these CPC notes along with the bare act for effective preparation and conceptual clarity.
Different Modes of Execution of Money Decree in a Money Suit
Execution of money decree in a money suit entails the legal process by which a decree-holder ensures compliance with a
A Note on ‘Summons in CPC’
The term summons refers to a legal notice issued by a court requiring a party or witness to appear and
Explain the term Reference. Under what Circumstances a Reference can be made to High Court and how does it Differ from Review.
Meaning and Definition of Reference The term Reference under the Civil Procedure Code, 1908 (CPC), signifies a legal mechanism whereby
Pecuniary Jurisdiction of Civil Courts
Pecuniary jurisdiction determines the monetary value of cases that courts can adjudicate. This concept is crucial for the efficient functioning
“Define Foreign Judgment, Conclusiveness of Foreign Judgments, and Presumption as to Foreign Judgment”
The concept of foreign judgment is fundamental in private international law, particularly in resolving cross-border disputes. In India, the Code
Every Suit shall Include the Whole Claim in Respect of the Cause of Action. Comment with Illustration.
Introduction Order II Rule 2 of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (CPC) is a critical procedural provision that mandates
Nature of Res Judicata
Introduction The doctrine of res judicata, derived from the Latin term meaning “a matter already judged,” is a fundamental principle
Principle of Res Judicata in CPC
Introduction The doctrine of res judicata operates on well-established principles, which are codified in Section 11 of the CPC. These
Explain the Doctrine of Res-Judicata. What is the Scope and Object of Doctrine of Res Judicata?
Introduction The doctrine of Res Judicata, meaning “a matter already judged,” is a cornerstone of Indian civil law as codified
Short Note on Dilatory Pleas
A dilatory plea is a procedural defense raised by a defendant to delay or dismiss a legal action without addressing
A Short Note on ‘Appeals Under CPC’
The Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (CPC), provides a framework for appeals, enabling litigants to challenge lower court decisions. Here’s
A Complete Note on ‘Appeals Under CPC’
The Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (CPC), provides a structured framework for the resolution of civil disputes in India. Among
Discuss the Principles for Grant of Temporary Injunction.(15 Marks)
A temporary injunction is a preventive relief granted by the court to maintain the status quo or protect the plaintiff’s
What are the Powers and Duties of Receiver in CPC (Code of Civil Procedure, 1908)
A receiver is a neutral officer appointed by the court to safeguard, manage, and preserve disputed property during the pendency
Short Note on ‘Kinds of Issues in CPC’
Under the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (CPC), issues represent the disputed points of fact or law between the parties
Who Can Apply for Setting Aside the Sale in Execution of a Decree? When Can a Sale Be Set Aside?
Introduction The execution of a decree is a critical stage in civil litigation, as it ensures the realization of a
Consequences of Appearance and Non Appearance of Parties in a Suit
The appearance and non-appearance of parties in a suit form the cornerstone of civil litigation. The Code of Civil Procedure